What is the main function of a compressor in an HVAC system?

The primary function of a compressor in an HVAC system is to pump refrigerant and increase its pressure. In the refrigeration cycle, which is fundamental to the operation of air conditioning systems and heat pumps, the compressor plays a vital role.

When the refrigerant absorbs heat from the indoor environment and evaporates into a gas, it must then be compressed in order to raise its pressure and temperature. This high-pressure, high-temperature gas then moves to the condenser, where it releases heat and cools down back into a liquid state. By raising the pressure of the refrigerant, the compressor facilitates the continuous flow of refrigerant through the system, allowing for effective heat exchange and cooling or heating of the indoor space.

This function is critical because without the compressor effectively increasing the refrigerant's pressure, the refrigeration cycle would not be completed, and the system would fail to heat or cool the intended area. Thus, understanding the compressor's role is essential for anyone studying HVAC systems and aiming to pass related examinations.